Element data source information
Primary source:
Wolfram|Alpha Knowledgebase, 2023.
Background sources and references:
- Audi, G., et al. "The NUBASE Evaluation of Nuclear and Decay Properties." Nuclear Physics A 624 (1997): 1-124. »
- Arblaster, J. W. "Densities of Osmium and Iridium: Recalculations Based upon a Review of the Latest Crystallographic Data." Platinum Metals Review 33, no. 1 (1989): 14-16.
- Barbalace, K. L. "Periodic Table of Elements." EnvironmentalChemistry.com. »
- Cardarelli, F. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer, 2000.
- Coursey, J. S, et al. "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions with Relative Atomic Masses." NIST—Physics Laboratory. »
- Gray, T., N. Mann, and M. Whitby. Periodictable.com. »
- Kelly, T. D. and G. R. Matos. "Historical Statistics for Mineral and Material Commodities in the United States, Data Series 140." USGS Mineral Resources Program. »
- Lide, D. R. (Ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. (87th ed.) CRC Press, 2006.
- National Physical Laboratory. Kaye and Laby Tables of Physical and Chemical Constants. »
- Speight, J. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry. McGraw-Hill, 2004.
- United States Secretary of Commerce. "NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69." NIST Chemistry WebBook. »
- Winter, M. and WebElements Ltd. WebElements. »
- The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Wikipedia. »
Note: This list is intended as a guide to sources and further information. The inclusion of an item in this list does not necessarily mean that its content was used as the basis for any specific Wolfram|Alpha result. Requests by researchers for detailed information on the sources for individual results can be directed here »