間食，食事，食品の量: Wolfram言語 11の新機能

間食，食事，食品の量

Wolfram Knowledgebaseには，37,000項目以上の"Food"実体と1,000項目以上の"FoodType"実体についての詳細な特性と栄養情報が含まれている．自由形式入力，EntityInstance，EntityGroup，Quantityを使うと，食物集合についての栄養特性，特に昼食と夕食のカロリー，繊維含有量，糖質含有量を簡単に表したり計算したりすることができる．

In[1]:=

Table[EntityValue[foodtype, 
  "EntityCount"], {foodtype, {"Food", "FoodType"}}]

Out[1]=

Ctrl+=（自由形式入力）を使って，隠的に定義された指定量の食物実体のEntityInstanceとして表された特定の食物量を指簡単に取得することができる．

In[2]:=

\!\(
NamespaceBox["LinguisticAssistant",
DynamicModuleBox[{Typeset`query$$ = "2 tbsp peanut butter", 
    Typeset`boxes$$ = RowBox[{"EntityInstance", "[", 
RowBox[{
InterpretationBox[
DynamicModuleBox[{EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open = False}, 
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"foods\""}, "GeneralizedEntityBase"], 
TagBox[
GridBox[{{
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"food type\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"FoodType\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \\\"FoodType\\\"]\
\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", 
TemplateBox[{"\"peanut butter\"", 
RowBox[{"Entity", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"FoodType\"", ",", "\"PeanutButter\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \\\"PeanutButter\\\"]\
\"", "\"food type\""}, "Entity"], "}"}], "]"}]}, 
                 "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}, {
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"added food types\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"AddedFoodTypes\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"]\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", "}"}], "]"}]}, "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}}, 
              GridBoxAlignment -> {"Columns" -> {{Left}}}, 
              DefaultBaseStyle -> "GeneralizedEntityInfoGrid", 
              GridBoxItemSize -> {
               "Columns" -> {{Automatic}}, "Rows" -> {{Automatic}}}], 
             "Column"], 
Dynamic[EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open], 
            "\"Entity[\\\"Food\\\", {EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"FoodType\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \
\\\"PeanutButter\\\"]}], EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}]\""}, 
           "GeneralizedEntityToggle"]], 
Entity["Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "PeanutButter"]}], 
           EntityProperty[
            "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
         SelectWithContents -> True], ",", " ", 
TemplateBox[{"2", "\"tbsp\"", "tablespoons", "\"Tablespoons\""}, 
         "Quantity", SyntaxForm -> Mod]}], "]"}], 
    Typeset`allassumptions$$ = {{
     "type" -> "Unit", "word" -> "tbsp", 
      "template" -> "Assuming ${desc1} for \"${word}\". Use ${desc2} \
instead", "count" -> "4", 
      "Values" -> {{
        "name" -> "Tablespoons", "desc" -> "US tablespoons", 
         "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*Tablespoons--"}, {
        "name" -> "TablespoonsUK", "desc" -> "UK tablespoons", 
         "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*TablespoonsUK--"}, {
        "name" -> "MetricTablespoons", "desc" -> "metric tablespoons",
          "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*MetricTablespoons--"}, {
        "name" -> "TablespoonsAustralian", 
         "desc" -> "Australian tablespoons", 
         "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*TablespoonsAustralian--"}}}}, 
    Typeset`assumptions$$ = {}, Typeset`open$$ = {1}, 
    Typeset`querystate$$ = {
    "Online" -> True, "Allowed" -> True, 
     "mparse.jsp" -> 0.574756`6.211028507153325, "Messages" -> {}}}, 
DynamicBox[ToBoxes[
AlphaIntegration`LinguisticAssistantBoxes["", 4, Automatic, 
Dynamic[Typeset`query$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`boxes$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`allassumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`assumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`open$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`querystate$$]], StandardForm],
ImageSizeCache->{138., {7., 16.}},
TrackedSymbols:>{
      Typeset`query$$, Typeset`boxes$$, Typeset`allassumptions$$, 
       Typeset`assumptions$$, Typeset`open$$, Typeset`querystate$$}],
DynamicModuleValues:>{},
UndoTrackedVariables:>{Typeset`open$$}],
BaseStyle->{"Deploy"},
DeleteWithContents->True,
Editable->False,
SelectWithContents->True]\)

Out[2]=

もとになっている Quantity式（デフォルトで，出力ではフォーマットされた形で表示される）を見る．

In[3]:=

\!\(
NamespaceBox["LinguisticAssistant",
DynamicModuleBox[{Typeset`query$$ = "2 tbsp peanut butter", 
    Typeset`boxes$$ = RowBox[{"EntityInstance", "[", 
RowBox[{
InterpretationBox[
DynamicModuleBox[{EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open = False}, 
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"foods\""}, "GeneralizedEntityBase"], 
TagBox[
GridBox[{{
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"food type\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"FoodType\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \\\"FoodType\\\"]\
\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", 
TemplateBox[{"\"peanut butter\"", 
RowBox[{"Entity", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"FoodType\"", ",", "\"PeanutButter\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \\\"PeanutButter\\\"]\
\"", "\"food type\""}, "Entity"], "}"}], "]"}]}, 
                 "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}, {
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"added food types\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"AddedFoodTypes\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"]\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", "}"}], "]"}]}, "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}}, 
              GridBoxAlignment -> {"Columns" -> {{Left}}}, 
              DefaultBaseStyle -> "GeneralizedEntityInfoGrid", 
              GridBoxItemSize -> {
               "Columns" -> {{Automatic}}, "Rows" -> {{Automatic}}}], 
             "Column"], 
Dynamic[EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open], 
            "\"Entity[\\\"Food\\\", {EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"FoodType\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \
\\\"PeanutButter\\\"]}], EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}]\""}, 
           "GeneralizedEntityToggle"]], 
Entity["Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "PeanutButter"]}], 
           EntityProperty[
            "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
         SelectWithContents -> True], ",", " ", 
TemplateBox[{"2", "\"tbsp\"", "tablespoons", "\"Tablespoons\""}, 
         "Quantity", SyntaxForm -> Mod]}], "]"}], 
    Typeset`allassumptions$$ = {{
     "type" -> "Unit", "word" -> "tbsp", 
      "template" -> "Assuming ${desc1} for \"${word}\". Use ${desc2} \
instead", "count" -> "4", 
      "Values" -> {{
        "name" -> "Tablespoons", "desc" -> "US tablespoons", 
         "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*Tablespoons--"}, {
        "name" -> "TablespoonsUK", "desc" -> "UK tablespoons", 
         "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*TablespoonsUK--"}, {
        "name" -> "MetricTablespoons", "desc" -> "metric tablespoons",
          "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*MetricTablespoons--"}, {
        "name" -> "TablespoonsAustralian", 
         "desc" -> "Australian tablespoons", 
         "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*TablespoonsAustralian--"}}}}, 
    Typeset`assumptions$$ = {}, Typeset`open$$ = {1}, 
    Typeset`querystate$$ = {
    "Online" -> True, "Allowed" -> True, 
     "mparse.jsp" -> 0.574756`6.211028507153325, "Messages" -> {}}}, 
DynamicBox[ToBoxes[
AlphaIntegration`LinguisticAssistantBoxes["", 4, Automatic, 
Dynamic[Typeset`query$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`boxes$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`allassumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`assumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`open$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`querystate$$]], StandardForm],
ImageSizeCache->{138., {7., 16.}},
TrackedSymbols:>{
      Typeset`query$$, Typeset`boxes$$, Typeset`allassumptions$$, 
       Typeset`assumptions$$, Typeset`open$$, Typeset`querystate$$}],
DynamicModuleValues:>{},
UndoTrackedVariables:>{Typeset`open$$}],
BaseStyle->{"Deploy"},
DeleteWithContents->True,
Editable->False,
SelectWithContents->True]\);
Cases[%, _Quantity] // InputForm

Out[3]//InputForm=

[+]をクリックして上記の隠的に定義された実体を拡張する．

In[4]:=

EntityInstance[Entity[
 "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "PeanutButter"]}], 
   EntityProperty["Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
 Quantity[2, "Tablespoons"]]

自由形式入力は，プログラム文に直接使うこともできる．

In[5]:=

peanutButter = \!\(\*
NamespaceBox["LinguisticAssistant",
DynamicModuleBox[{Typeset`query$$ = "2 tbsp peanut butter", 
     Typeset`boxes$$ = RowBox[{"EntityInstance", "[", 
RowBox[{
InterpretationBox[
DynamicModuleBox[{EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open = False}, 
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"foods\""}, "GeneralizedEntityBase"], 
TagBox[
GridBox[{{
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"food type\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"FoodType\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \\\"FoodType\\\"]\
\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", 
TemplateBox[{"\"peanut butter\"", 
RowBox[{"Entity", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"FoodType\"", ",", "\"PeanutButter\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \\\"PeanutButter\\\"]\
\"", "\"food type\""}, "Entity"], "}"}], "]"}]}, 
                  "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}, {
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"added food types\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"AddedFoodTypes\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"]\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", "}"}], "]"}]}, "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}}, 
               GridBoxAlignment -> {"Columns" -> {{Left}}}, 
               DefaultBaseStyle -> "GeneralizedEntityInfoGrid", 
               GridBoxItemSize -> {
                "Columns" -> {{Automatic}}, "Rows" -> {{Automatic}}}],
               "Column"], 
Dynamic[EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open], 
             "\"Entity[\\\"Food\\\", {EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \\\
\"FoodType\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \
\\\"PeanutButter\\\"]}], EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}]\""}, 
            "GeneralizedEntityToggle"]], 
Entity["Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "PeanutButter"]}], 
            EntityProperty[
             "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
          SelectWithContents -> True], ",", " ", 
TemplateBox[{"2", "\"tbsp\"", "tablespoons", "\"Tablespoons\""}, 
          "Quantity", SyntaxForm -> Mod]}], "]"}], 
     Typeset`allassumptions$$ = {{
      "type" -> "Unit", "word" -> "tbsp", 
       "template" -> "Assuming ${desc1} for \"${word}\". Use ${desc2} \
instead", "count" -> "4", 
       "Values" -> {{
         "name" -> "Tablespoons", "desc" -> "US tablespoons", 
          "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*Tablespoons--"}, {
         "name" -> "TablespoonsUK", "desc" -> "UK tablespoons", 
          "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*TablespoonsUK--"}, {
         "name" -> "MetricTablespoons", 
          "desc" -> "metric tablespoons", 
          "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*MetricTablespoons--"}, {
         "name" -> "TablespoonsAustralian", 
          "desc" -> "Australian tablespoons", 
          "input" -> "UnitClash_*tbsp.*TablespoonsAustralian--"}}}}, 
     Typeset`assumptions$$ = {}, Typeset`open$$ = {1}, 
     Typeset`querystate$$ = {
     "Online" -> True, "Allowed" -> True, 
      "mparse.jsp" -> 0.574756`6.211028507153325, "Messages" -> {}}}, 
     
DynamicBox[ToBoxes[
AlphaIntegration`LinguisticAssistantBoxes["", 4, Automatic, 
Dynamic[Typeset`query$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`boxes$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`allassumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`assumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`open$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`querystate$$]], StandardForm],
ImageSizeCache->{138., {7., 16.}},
TrackedSymbols:>{
       Typeset`query$$, Typeset`boxes$$, Typeset`allassumptions$$, 
        Typeset`assumptions$$, Typeset`open$$, Typeset`querystate$$}],
     
DynamicModuleValues:>{},
UndoTrackedVariables:>{Typeset`open$$}],
BaseStyle->{"Deploy"},
DeleteWithContents->True,
Editable->False,
SelectWithContents->True]\)

Out[5]=

In[6]:=

twoSlicesOfBread = \!\(\*
NamespaceBox["LinguisticAssistant",
DynamicModuleBox[{Typeset`query$$ = "2 slices of bread", 
     Typeset`boxes$$ = RowBox[{"EntityInstance", "[", 
RowBox[{
InterpretationBox[
DynamicModuleBox[{EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open = False}, 
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"foods\""}, "GeneralizedEntityBase"], 
TagBox[
GridBox[{{
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"food type\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"FoodType\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \\\"FoodType\\\"]\
\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", 
TemplateBox[{"\"bread\"", 
RowBox[{"Entity", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"FoodType\"", ",", "\"Bread\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \\\"Bread\\\"]\"", 
                    "\"food type\""}, "Entity"], "}"}], "]"}]}, 
                  "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}, {
TemplateBox[{
TemplateBox[{"\"added food types\"", 
RowBox[{"EntityProperty", "[", 
RowBox[{"\"Food\"", ",", "\"AddedFoodTypes\""}], "]"}], 
                    "\"EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"]\""}, "EntityProperty"], 
StyleBox["\":\"", "GeneralizedEntityInfoItem"], 
RowBox[{"ContainsExactly", "[", 
RowBox[{"{", "}"}], "]"}]}, "GeneralizedEntityInfoRow"]}}, 
               GridBoxAlignment -> {"Columns" -> {{Left}}}, 
               DefaultBaseStyle -> "GeneralizedEntityInfoGrid", 
               GridBoxItemSize -> {
                "Columns" -> {{Automatic}}, "Rows" -> {{Automatic}}}],
               "Column"], 
Dynamic[EntityFramework`Formatting`Private`open], 
             "\"Entity[\\\"Food\\\", {EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \\\
\"FoodType\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{Entity[\\\"FoodType\\\", \
\\\"Bread\\\"]}], EntityProperty[\\\"Food\\\", \
\\\"AddedFoodTypes\\\"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}]\""}, 
            "GeneralizedEntityToggle"]], 
Entity["Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "Bread"]}], 
            EntityProperty[
             "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
          SelectWithContents -> True], ",", " ", 
TemplateBox[{"2", "\"slices\"", "slices", "\"Slices\""}, "Quantity", 
          SyntaxForm -> Mod]}], "]"}], 
     Typeset`allassumptions$$ = {{
      "type" -> "Clash", "word" -> "bread", 
       "template" -> "Assuming \"${word}\" is ${desc1}. Use as \
${desc2} instead", "count" -> "2", 
       "Values" -> {{
         "name" -> "FoodType", "desc" -> "a food type", 
          "input" -> "*C.bread-_*FoodType-"}, {
         "name" -> "FoodTypeGroup", 
          "desc" -> " referring to food type group", 
          "input" -> "*C.bread-_*FoodTypeGroup-"}}}}, 
     Typeset`assumptions$$ = {"*C.bread-_*FoodType-"}, 
     Typeset`open$$ = {1}, Typeset`querystate$$ = {
     "Online" -> True, "Allowed" -> True, 
      "mparse.jsp" -> 0.662875`6.2729766336225925, "Messages" -> {}}}, 
DynamicBox[ToBoxes[
AlphaIntegration`LinguisticAssistantBoxes["", 4, Automatic, 
Dynamic[Typeset`query$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`boxes$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`allassumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`assumptions$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`open$$], 
Dynamic[Typeset`querystate$$]], StandardForm],
ImageSizeCache->{117., {7., 16.}},
TrackedSymbols:>{
       Typeset`query$$, Typeset`boxes$$, Typeset`allassumptions$$, 
        Typeset`assumptions$$, Typeset`open$$, Typeset`querystate$$}],
     
DynamicModuleValues:>{},
UndoTrackedVariables:>{Typeset`open$$}],
BaseStyle->{"Deploy"},
DeleteWithContents->True,
Editable->False,
SelectWithContents->True]\)

Out[6]=

ひとまとまりの食べ物（食事，間食等）はEntityGroupで表すことができる．

In[7]:=

pbjSandwich = EntityGroup[{
    twoSlicesOfBread,
    peanutButter,
    EntityInstance[Entity[
     "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "Jelly"]}], 
       EntityProperty[
        "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
     Quantity[1, "Servings"]]
    }];

ひとまとまりの食物の栄養素含量を全体として見る．

In[8]:=

pbjSandwich[{EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalCaloriesContent"], 
  EntityProperty["Food", 
   "AbsoluteTotalProteinContent"]}, "PropertyAssociation"]

Out[8]=

EntityGroupとEntityInstanceを使って夕食を分析する．

In[9]:=

dinner = EntityGroup[{
    EntityInstance[Entity[
     "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "Spaghetti"]}], 
       EntityProperty[
        "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
     Quantity[1, "Servings"]],
    EntityInstance[Entity[
     "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "Meatball"]}], 
       EntityProperty[
        "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
     Quantity[3, "Items"]],
    EntityInstance[Entity[
     "Food", {
      EntityProperty["Food", "BrandName"] -> Entity[
        "FoodBrandName", "Bertolli"], 
       EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "Sauce"]}], 
       EntityProperty[
        "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
     Quantity[1.5, "Servings"]],
    EntityInstance[Entity[
     "Food", {
      EntityProperty["Food", "Flavor"] -> Entity[
        "FoodFlavor", "Cola"], 
       EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{
Entity["FoodType", "CarbonatedBeverage"]}], 
       EntityProperty[
        "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], 
     Quantity[1, "USSodaCanVolumes"]]
    }];

In[10]:=

dinner[{EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalCaloriesContent"], 
  EntityProperty["Food", 
   "AbsoluteTotalSugarContent"]}, "PropertyAssociation"]

Out[10]=

Wolfram言語™

間食，食事，食品の量

関連する例