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Polar Coordinates

Create a 2D polar plot:

(Type ESCthESC for the θ symbol.)
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⨯ 
PolarPlot[Sin[2 \[Theta]] + Cos[2 \[Theta]], {\[Theta], 0, 2 Pi}]
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Display polar axes instead:

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⨯ 
PolarPlot[Sin[2 \[Theta]] + Cos[2 \[Theta]], {\[Theta], 0, 2 Pi}, 
 PolarAxes -> Automatic, 
 PolarTicks -> {0 \[Degree], 90 \[Degree], 180 \[Degree], 
   270 \[Degree]}]
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Convert Cartesian coordinates to polar:

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⨯ 
ToPolarCoordinates[{1, 1}]
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QUICK REFERENCE: Angles and Polar Coordinates »