求解波动方程的初值问题
指定单位传播速度的波动方程.
In[1]:=
weqn = D[u[x, t], {t, 2}] == D[u[x, t], {x, 2}];规定方程的初始条件.
In[2]:=
ic = {u[x, 0] == E^(-x^2), Derivative[0, 1][u][x, 0] == 1};求解初值问题.
In[3]:=
DSolveValue[{weqn, ic}, u[x, t], {x, t}]Out[3]=
波形沿一对特征方向传播.
In[4]:=
DSolveValue[{weqn, ic}, u[x, t], {x, t}];
Plot3D[%, {x, -7, 7}, {t, 0, 4}, Mesh -> None]Out[4]=
用分段数据求解初值问题.
In[5]:=
ic = {u[x, 0] == UnitBox[x] + UnitTriangle[x/3],
Derivative[0, 1][u][x, 0] == 0};In[6]:=
DSolveValue[ {weqn, ic}, u[x, t], {x, t}]Out[6]=
初始数据中的不连续处沿特征方向传播.
In[7]:=
DSolveValue[ {weqn, ic}, u[x, t], {x, t}];
Plot3D[%, {x, -7, 7}, {t, 0, 4}, PlotRange -> All, Mesh -> None,
ExclusionsStyle -> Red]Out[7]=
用指数函数的和作为初始数据求解初值问题.
In[8]:=
ic = {u[x, 0] == E^(-(x - 6)^2) + E^(-(x + 6)^2),
Derivative[0, 1][u][x, 0] == 1/2};In[9]:=
sol = DSolveValue[ {weqn, ic}, u[x, t], {x, t}]Out[9]=
将求出的解可视化.
In[10]:=
Plot3D[sol, {x, -30, 30}, {t, 0, 20}, PlotRange -> All, Mesh -> None,
PlotPoints -> 30]Out[10]=
