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일일 권장 영양 섭취량의 시각화

Wolfram Knowledgebases는 37,000 여종의 "Food" 엔티티와 1,000개 이상 항목의 "FoodType" 엔티티에 대한 상세 특성과 영양 정보 뿐만 아니라 176개 항목 영양소의 하루 권장 섭취량 역시 포함하고 있습니다. 이러한 광범위한 데이터 집합을 사용하면 사실상 어떠한 식사의 영양소 함량의 계산이 가능하며, 간단한 플롯을 사용하여 직관적인 시각화를 표현할 수 있습니다.

In[1]:=

EntityValue["Nutrient", "EntityCount"]

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하루 2000kcal 열량 섭취를 기준으로 하여 일일 권장 섭취량 목록을 추출합니다.

In[2]:=

allDailyValues = Append[DeleteMissing[ EntityValue["Nutrient", "DailyValue", "EntityAssociation"]], Entity["Nutrient", "Energy"] -> Quantity[2000, ("LargeCalories")/("Days")]]*Quantity[1, "Days"]

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음식의 영양소 음식 특성을 지도로 생성합니다.

In[3]:=

propertyNutrientRules = {EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteSodiumContent"] -> Entity["Nutrient", "Sodium"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalCarbohydratesContent"] -> Entity["Nutrient", "TotalCarbohydrates"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalFatContent"] -> Entity["Nutrient", "TotalFat"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalFiberContent"] -> Entity["Nutrient", "TotalFiber"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteIronContent"] -> Entity["Nutrient", "Iron"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalCaloriesContent"] -> Entity["Nutrient", "Energy"]};

EntityGroup과 EntityInstance를 사용하여 전형적인 아침 식사를 부호화합니다.

In[4]:=

breakfast = EntityGroup[{ EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", { EntityProperty["Food", "CookingMethod"] -> Entity[ "CookingMethod", "HardBoiled"], EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Egg"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[2, "Servings"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Bacon"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[3, "Slices"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "HashBrown"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[1, "Servings"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "OrangeJuice"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[2, "Servings"]] }];

6가지 주요 영양소의 하루 권장 섭취량의 50%, 100% (녹색으로 표시), 150%를 나타내는 방사상으로 중첩된 육각형의 "영양 균형 그래프"를 구축합니다.

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compassPlot[ent : _EntityGroup | {__EntityGroup}, opts : OptionsPattern[Graphics]] := Module[{data, n, circlePoints, dailyValues, scaledData, coordinates, fillStyle, opacityStyle, pointStyle, labelCoordPairs, missingPositions, rMax}, (* Get data, total up nutrients *) data = EntityValue[ Replace[ent, eg_EntityGroup :> {eg}], {EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalCarbohydratesContent"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalFatContent"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteSodiumContent"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalFiberContent"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteIronContent"], EntityProperty["Food", "AbsoluteTotalCaloriesContent"]}, "PropertyAssociation" ]; data = Merge[data, Total]; (* Get DailyValues, scale data to DailyValues *) dailyValues = Keys[data] /. propertyNutrientRules /. allDailyValues; scaledData = 100*AssociationThread[ Keys[data], (Values[data]/dailyValues) /. {_Missing -> Quantity[0, "Grams"]}]; (* Compute the coordinates for each of the points *) n = Length[data]; circlePoints = CirclePoints[n]; missingPositions = Cases[MapIndexed[If[Not[FreeQ[#, _Missing]], #2] &, Values[data]], _Integer, Infinity]; coordinates = Normal@AssociationThread[Keys[scaledData], circlePoints*Values[scaledData]]; (* Precompute the label-coordinate pairs *) labelCoordPairs = Thread[Keys[data] -> circlePoints] /. {_Missing -> Quantity[0, "Grams"]}; fillStyle = Opacity[0.5, Black]; opacityStyle = Opacity[0.01, Black]; pointStyle = Blue; rMax = 150; (* Create the plot *) Graphics[{ (* Add lines from the center outwards to indicate "axes" for the \ nutrients *) {Thin, Opacity[0.75], Gray, Dashed, Line[{{0, 0}, #}]} & /@ (rMax*circlePoints), (* For each position, draw a triangle and a line (taking missing values into account) *) MapIndexed[ With[{currentPosition = First[#2], nextPosition = Replace[First[#2] + 1, (n + 1) -> 1]}, { (* For each position, draw a triangle (origin -> point -> next point) *) { fillStyle, EdgeForm[], Polygon[ {{0, 0}, coordinates[[currentPosition, 2]], coordinates[[nextPosition, 2]]}, VertexColors -> { fillStyle, If[MemberQ[missingPositions, currentPosition], opacityStyle, fillStyle], If[MemberQ[missingPositions, nextPosition], opacityStyle, fillStyle] } ] // If[MemberQ[missingPositions, nextPosition | currentPosition], Tooltip[#, Missing["NotAvailable"]] &, Identity] }, (* Connect two points if neither of them are missing data *) If[ FreeQ[missingPositions, nextPosition | currentPosition], {Thickness[0.0033], Gray, Line[{coordinates[[currentPosition, 2]], coordinates[[nextPosition, 2]]}]} ] } ] &, coordinates[[;; -1, -1]]], (* For each non-missing position, put a small point *) { pointStyle, PointSize[0.0100], Tooltip[Point[coordinates[[#, 2]]], Grid[{{ToString[ Round[100*(data[[#]]/dailyValues[[#]]), 0.1]] <> " %", "", coordinates[[#, 1]]}, {data[[#]], "of", dailyValues[[#]]}}]] } & /@ Complement[Range[n], Flatten[missingPositions]], (* Radially nested polygons to indicate 50%, 100%, 150%, etc... of DV *) Table[ {Thin, Opacity[0.75], Sequence @@ If[r === 100, {Thick, Darker@Green}, {Gray, Dashed}], Tooltip[Line[r*Join[circlePoints, circlePoints[[;; 1]]]], ToString[r] <> "%"]}, {r, 50, rMax, 50}], (* Label the axes afterwards so that they aren't covered/ unreadable *) {Text[ Style[StringTrim@ StringReplace[ EntityValue[#1, "Description"], ("absolute" | "content") -> ""]], (rMax*1.175)*#2]} & @@@ labelCoordPairs }, opts ] ]

In[6]:=

compassPlot[breakfast]

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아침 식사 뿐만 아니라 점심과 저녁 식사도 지정합니다.

In[7]:=

lunch = EntityGroup[{ EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "PeanutButter"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[2, "Tablespoons"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Bread"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[2, "Slices"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Jelly"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[1, "Servings"]] }];

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dinner = EntityGroup[{ EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Spaghetti"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[1, "Servings"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", {EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Meatball"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[3, "Items"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", { EntityProperty["Food", "BrandName"] -> Entity[ "FoodBrandName", "Bertolli"], EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "Sauce"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[1.5, "Servings"]], EntityInstance[Entity[ "Food", { EntityProperty["Food", "Flavor"] -> Entity[ "FoodFlavor", "Cola"], EntityProperty["Food", "FoodType"] -> ContainsExactly[{ Entity["FoodType", "CarbonatedBeverage"]}], EntityProperty[ "Food", "AddedFoodTypes"] -> ContainsExactly[{}]}], Quantity[1, "USSodaCanVolumes"]] }];

각 식사 후 영양소 섭취 상황을 누적하여 시각화합니다.

In[9]:=

Grid[Partition[ MapThread[ compassPlot[#1, PlotLabel -> #2] &, {Rest[ FoldList[ Append, {}, {breakfast, lunch, dinner}]], {"After Breakfast", "After Lunch", "After Dinner"}}], UpTo[2]]]

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