Wolfram 语言

随机矩阵

圆环系综(COE、CUE、...)

圆环系综是在不同酉变换下分布不变的酉矩阵家族. 典型应用于统计力学、数论、组合数学和核物理学中.

由圆环实系综(CRE)得到的矩阵是正交矩阵. »

In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
cre = RandomVariate[CircularRealMatrixDistribution[5]];
In[2]:=
Click for copyable input
OrthogonalMatrixQ[cre]
Out[2]=

由圆环酉系综(CUE)得到的矩阵是酉矩阵. »

In[3]:=
Click for copyable input
cue = RandomVariate[CircularUnitaryMatrixDistribution[5]];
In[4]:=
Click for copyable input
UnitaryMatrixQ[cue]
Out[4]=

由圆环正交系综(COE)得到的矩阵是对称的酉矩阵. »

In[5]:=
Click for copyable input
coe = RandomVariate[CircularOrthogonalMatrixDistribution[5]];
In[6]:=
Click for copyable input
SymmetricMatrixQ[coe] && UnitaryMatrixQ[coe]
Out[6]=

由圆环辛系综(CSE)得到的矩阵是自对偶四元数酉矩阵. »

显示完整的 Wolfram 语言输入
In[7]:=
Click for copyable input
selfdualQuaternionicQ[m_] := With[{\[ScriptCapitalJ] = KroneckerProduct[{{0, -1}, {1, 0}}, IdentityMatrix[Length[m]/2]], mat = SetAccuracy[m, 10]}, Transpose[mat].\[ScriptCapitalJ] == \[ScriptCapitalJ].mat];
In[8]:=
Click for copyable input
cse = RandomVariate[CircularSymplecticMatrixDistribution[5]];
In[9]:=
Click for copyable input
UnitaryMatrixQ[cse] && selfdualQuaternionicQ[cse]
Out[9]=

由圆环四元数系综 (CQE) 得到的矩阵是辛酉矩阵. »

显示完整的 Wolfram 语言输入
In[10]:=
Click for copyable input
symplecticMatrixQ[mat_] := With[{\[ScriptCapitalJ] = KroneckerProduct[{{0, -1}, {1, 0}}, IdentityMatrix[Length[mat]/2]] }, Conjugate[mat].\[ScriptCapitalJ] == \[ScriptCapitalJ].mat];
In[11]:=
Click for copyable input
cqe = RandomVariate[CircularQuaternionMatrixDistribution[5]];
In[12]:=
Click for copyable input
UnitaryMatrixQ[cqe] && symplecticMatrixQ[cqe]
Out[12]=

由 CUE、COE 和 CSE 得到的矩阵特征值具有单位长度并且在相位上均匀分布.

显示完整的 Wolfram 语言输入
In[13]:=
Click for copyable input
args = Flatten[ Arg[RandomVariate[ MatrixPropertyDistribution[Eigenvalues[x], x \[Distributed] #], 10^4]]] & /@ {CircularUnitaryMatrixDistribution[5], CircularOrthogonalMatrixDistribution[5], CircularSymplecticMatrixDistribution[5]}; Row[MapThread[ Histogram[#1, {-Pi, Pi, Pi/10}, Frame -> None, ChartLegends -> Placed[#2, Above]] &, {args, {Style["Unitary", 15], Style["Orthogonal", 15], Style["Symplectic", 15]}}]]
Out[13]=

对来自二维 CUE 的特征值相位联合分布进行可视化,并将其与实际密度比较.

In[14]:=
Click for copyable input
evs\[ScriptCapitalD] = MatrixPropertyDistribution[Arg[Eigenvalues[x]], x \[Distributed] CircularUnitaryMatrixDistribution[2]]; \[CurlyPhi]s = RandomSample /@ RandomVariate[evs\[ScriptCapitalD], 10^5];
显示完整的 Wolfram 语言输入
In[14]:=
Click for copyable input
Show[ Histogram3D[\[CurlyPhi]s, {-Pi, Pi, 0.25}, PDF, PlotTheme -> "Scientific", ChartStyle -> "AvocadoColors"], Plot3D[1/(8 Pi^2) Abs[Exp[I \[Phi]1] - Exp[I \[Phi]2]]^2, {\[Phi]1, -Pi, Pi}, {\[Phi]2, -Pi, Pi}, PlotStyle -> None, MeshStyle -> Thick], ImageSize -> Medium]
Out[15]=

相关范例

de en es fr ja ko pt-br ru